Because passkeys can be backed up, they can be better protected from loss. With passkeys, as long as the user has their device, they can sign in there is nothing to forget. Last but not least, users often forget passwords and don’t set up backup emails and phone numbers. Passkeys solve this issue because they are available on the user’s device if and when the user needs them - starting from the very first sign-in to a website from that device. In practice, this often means that the first sign-in on a new device will be both inconvenient and phishable. If the cryptographic key is bound to the user’s computer or mobile device, then every time the user gets a new device, the RP would have to fall back to other methods of authentication (typically a knowledge-based credential such as a password). And just like passwords, visiting a website from another device does not require going through a credential registration/creation flow - cross-device sign-in is supported via an enhancement to the FIDO Alliance Client to Authenticator Protocol (CTAP) that uses Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to verify physical proximity. Syncing means that passkeys are available from all of a user’s devices using the same sync provider. The usability of a password replacement must compete with the convenience of passwords, and one of the primary usability benefits of passwords is that they can be used from any device. Registration is as simple as a biometric auth or entering a PIN code, and subsequent sign-in attempts with a passkey again only require a biometric authentication or PIN code - both faster than typing in a password. ![]()
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